Endocrine Abstracts

Causing production of free radicals and reduction of antioxidant system activity, in the pancreatic β-cells, in particular, resulting in reduction in insulin production and consequently to hyperglycemia, oxidative stress could be a pathogenetic mechanism of morbidity in diabetes mellitus. Search for and development of medicines with antioxidant and hypoglycemic activity remains urgent.Aim: The work was initiated to study antioxidant and hypoglycemic...

Prevention of familial diabetes mellitus is a most urgent problem in diabetology. Genetic susceptibility is a leading factor in diabetes mellitus onset.Aim: The work was initiated to assess potentiality of diabetes mellitus risk prediction based on genealogical analysis.Materials and methods: For the purpose of the study, 53 patients with diabetes mellitus were examined. The probands’ mean age was 14.4 years. Genealogical medi...

Aim: The work was initiated to study TNF-α gene polymorphism and parameters of oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitusMaterials and methods: We examined 41 healthy subjects and 20 patients with diabetes mellitus to study G308A (rs1800629) polymorphism in TNF-α gene by means of allele-specific PCR method (AS-PCR). Rates of lipid peroxidation (LP) were determined by concentration of malon dialdehyde (MDA); catalase activity was...

There are three main types of diabetes mellitus: type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and gestational diabetes, with the first two types making about 99% of cases.According to its nature, type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is considered as a typical autoimmune disorder characterized with specific autoantibodies. Immunological markers of the diabetes mellitus onset can be found not only in T1DM with its specific clinical picture, ...

According to the findings from the recent studies, the oxidative stress can be a cause for type 2 diabetes mellitus onset. In that context, the development of drugs with antioxidant effect to be used for prevention and treatment of the disease is of vital importance. The work was initiated to study the oxidative stress in the experimental diabetes and methods of its correction by means of natural antioxidants. In our study we used polyphenols isolated from the seeds of common ...

Background: Insulin gene (INS) is known to be responsible for production of insulin by the pancreatic β-cells. It includes variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) of oligonucleotide consequence (ACAGGGGT (G/C) (T/C) GGGG) in the promoter region (Bell et al, 1981,1982); being the gene involved in the susceptibility to various pathologies. The allele-specific PCR allows direct diagnosis of some genetically determined disorders is rather simple and precise. However, by toda...

Background: In Pathogenesis of Neurodegeneration in Diabetes Mellitus (DM) addition to insulin resistance, glycemic control and blood plasma lipid levels existing other mechanisms were proposed. We investigated plasma insulin level in patients according to severity of diabetic neuropathy.Materials and methods: In 32 people with DM2 glycemia, HbA1c, blood plasma insulin, blood total cholesterol, triglycerides, Low Density Lipoproteins (LDLP) levels were m...

The fat tissue inflammation and insulin resistance formation are common in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The tumor necrosis factor–α (TNF-α), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, was found to be a key one in onset and progression of insulin resistance, blocking the insulin signaling pathway and hampering the gene expression of GLUT4, the intracellular insulin-regulated glucose transporter in body tissues. Rise in the TNF-α concentration in blood serum is b...

Associated with the increased generation of free radicals and reduced activity of antioxidant system, oxidative stress is a pathogenetic mechanism underlying the onset of diabetic complications. Antioxidants are known to facilitate normalization of lipid peroxidation, composition, structures and functions of biological membranes. Antioxidants are universal membrane-trophic agents protecting against damaging factors. Plant antioxidants play a significant role in treatment of di...

Testing for genetic markers is a promising approach in early diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1). Of all DM1-associated genes and genetic loci, after HLA class II, insulin promoter gene confers the highest risk for the onset of disease with the burdened familial history for diabetes mellitus.Materials and methodsGenealogical analysis was used to identify the hereditary nature of the disease. DNA samples from 94 Uzbek patien...